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Bob Rijkers
Bob Rijkers is a Senior Economist in the Trade and International Integration Unit of the Development Economics Research Group of the World Bank. His research interests include political economy, trade, and labour. He has publisched in journals such as The Review of Economics and Statistics, Journal of International Economics, and Journal of Development Economics. He holds a B.A. in Science and Social Sciences from University College Utrecht, Utrecht University, and an M.Phil. and D.Phil. in economics from the University of Oxford.
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Inequality and trade: Simulation evidence for 54 developing nations
Questions about who benefits from free trade – and at what cost – have resurfaced as part of the backlash against globalisation. This article uses data from 54 low- and middle-income countries to show that in a majority of cases, trade liberalisation increases both incomes and inequality. Most of the trade-offs between them resolve in favour of liberalisation; despite exacerbating income disparities, trade liberalisation creates overall social welfare gains.
