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Hemant Kumar Pullabhotla
Hemant Pullabhotla is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Center on Food Security and the Environment (FSE) at Stanford. He received his Ph.D. in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Hemant's research broadly lies at the intersection of agricultural resource use, environmental pollution, and economic development. His work on the environment currently focuses on the causes and consequences of air pollution from crop burning and biomass fires in Asia and Africa. His research projects include examining the role of economic policies and rural infrastructure expansion in increasing the use of burning by smallholder farmers and evaluating the impact of air pollution externalities from agriculture on health and labor productivity in developing countries. More information on Hemant's research is available on his website here.
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कृषि श्रमिकों का निकास और पराली का जलना
यद्यपि श्रमिकों का कम उत्पादकता वाले क्षेत्रों से उच्च उत्पादकता वाले क्षेत्रों की ओर स्थानांतरित होने की प्रक्रिया को आर्थिक विकास के लिए महत्वपूर्ण माना जाता है, लेकिन इसके पर्यावरण पर पड़ने वाले प्रभाव अभी भी काफी हद तक अज्ञात हैं। यह लेख बताता है कि ग्रामीण सड़कों तक पहुंच द्वारा और आसान हो गई कृषि से श्रमिकों की निकासी किसानों को पराली साफ करने के लिए आग का उपयोग करने के लिए प्रेरित करती है जिसमें हालांकि श्रम की बचत तो होती है लेकिन यह विधि प्रदूषणकारी भी है।
Agricultural worker exits and crop fires
While the process of moving workers from low- to high-productivity sectors is considered critical for economic development, its environmental impact remains largely unexplored. This article shows that the exit of workers from agriculture, enabled by access to rural roads, induces farmers to use fire – a labour-saving but polluting method – to clear agriculture residue.
Gone with the wind: Crop-burning and the human costs of pollution
Globally, an estimated 4 million people die prematurely because of air pollution every year. This article exploits seasonal changes in air quality arising due to agricultural fires – used by farmers to clear land for planting – to estimate the causal impact of air pollution on infant mortality across India. It finds that an increase in particulate matter by 10 micrograms per cubic metre results in nearly 96,000 additional under-five deaths annually.