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Urbanisation, gender, and social change: Do working women enjoy more agency?

Women’s limited work participation in India is not only of economic significance, but also has ramifications for their well-being and societal status. Based on a household survey in four north Indian urban clusters, this article finds a strong association between women’s work status and househol...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2021

Urbanisation, gender, and social change: Why is female labour force participation so low in India?

India’s low female labour force participation is a complex social phenomenon, resulting from – among other things – patriarchal norms, rural-urban transitions, and a mismatch of supply and demand factors. Based on a field study undertaken in the vicinity of four north Indian cities, this artic...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2021

Introduction to e-Symposium: Urbanisation, gender, and social change in north India

Urbanisation in India is reshaping established social and economic patterns of behaviour, in ways that scholars are yet to fully comprehend. India’s rapid urbanisation invites several pressing questions: What does the transformation of settlement patterns mean for social cleavages and hierarchies ...

  • Symposium

Content Type: Symposium
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2021

Contract labour and firm growth in India

There is considerable evidence indicating that the Industrial Disputes Act (IDA), 1947 – which made it illegal for large companies to downsize – had a powerful disincentive effect for entrepreneurs in India. Using Annual Survey of Industries data, this article shows that constraints on large fir...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Productivity & Innovation
Year: 2021

Current state of play in India’s services trade

Since the 1990s liberalisation reforms, the services sector has been seen as a key driver of India’s economy. Against the backdrop of the WTO Ministerial Conference, Anil Kumar Kanungo examines the current state of India’s services trade – India’s participation in multilateral trade organisa...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Trade
Year: 2021

India’s asset monetisation plan

In August 2021, Government of India announced an asset monetisation plan wherein existing public assets worth Rs. 6 trillion would be monetised by leasing them out to private operators for fixed terms, and the proceeds would be used for new infrastructure investment. In this post, Amartya Lahiri exa...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Macroeconomics
Year: 2021

Empowering women through participatory theatre

Twenty-nine percent of women in India report having suffered intimate-partner violence. Based on a field study involving 92 villages in the state of West Bengal, this article shows that community-based participatory theatre on the subject of domestic abuse can reduce spousal abuse by as much as a qu...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2021

Inter-gender and intra-gender gaps in land ownership in India

While women’s landownership is recognised as a key indicator of their economic empowerment, there are no detailed estimates of how many and which women own land in India. Analysing longitudinal data from 2009-2014 for nine states, this article shows that, on average, women constitute only 14% of l...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2021

Nobel Prize in Economics 2021: Clarity, transparency, and credibility in empirical research

This year’s Nobel Prize in Economics has been awarded to David Card – for his empirical contributions to labour economics – and Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens – for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships. In this post, Thomas Lemieux discusses the contrib...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2021

Culture and development

How did human society evolve from being organised predominantly around large kin-based networks, to one with strong notions of individualism? To examine this question, Joseph Henrich (Harvard University) and Patrick Francois (University of British Columbia) discuss the interactions between informal ...

  • Videos

Content Type: Videos
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2021

Culture and development

How did human society evolve from being organised predominantly around large kin-based networks, to one with strong notions of individualism? To examine this question, Joseph Henrich (Harvard University) and Patrick Francois (University of British Columbia) discuss the interactions between informal ...

  • Podcasts

Content Type: Podcasts
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2021

Thinking about financial sector reforms in India

A key element of the economy that needs to function well in order to facilitate India’s strong and sustained recovery from the pandemic is the financial system. In this post, Sengupta and Vardhan discuss a few financial sector reforms to understand what has worked well and what has not and lay ou...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Money & Finance
Year: 2021