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How can India become a manufacturing powerhouse?

India’s manufacturing sector has been stagnant over the past 20 years, in terms of contribution to national output as well as employment generation. In this article, Ejaz Ghani locates the explanation in the diverging paths of industrialisation and urbanisation, market distortions pertaining to la...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Productivity & Innovation
Year: 2024

Can conversations about minorities reduce discrimination? Evidence from anti-transgender discrimination in Chennai

Discriminatory behaviour is known to adversely impact equity and efficiency in a range of economic and social domains. In the context of discrimination against transgender people in urban Chennai, this article examines whether discrimination may be reduced by peer-to-peer communication among majorit...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2024

Economic development of Punjab: Prospects and policies

While the north Indian state of Punjab topped per-capita income rankings within the country until year 2000, its position fell consistently thereafter. This article discusses the current state of Punjab’s economy – in terms of agriculture, manufacturing and services; jobs and education; and publ...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Macroeconomics
Year: 2024

Rethinking social safety nets in a changing society

This paper was coauthored by Debasis Barik, Pallavi Choudhuri, Bijay Chouhan, Om Prakash Sharma, Dinesh Kumar Tiwari (NCAER) and Sharan Sharma (University of Maryland College Park and NCAER). Historically, India’s approach to social safety nets has involved identifying the poor and providing them...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Poverty & Inequality
Year: 2024

India’s foreign reserves and global risk

India’s foreign exchange reserves, relative to GDP, have been on the rise. This article examines the motives behind the hoarding of reserves by central banks, and if adequate reserves are held for purposes such as precaution against extreme capital flows. Focusing on the Indian context, it assesse...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Money & Finance
Year: 2024

Female leadership in corporate India: Firm performance and culture

Under the Companies Act, 2013, all listed firms in India are required to have at least one woman on their board. This article finds that having at least one woman on board leads to better economic performance and lower financial risk for large and medium-sized firms. Further, higher share of women i...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2024

Ideas@IPF2024 series: Research from NCAER’s India Policy Forum

Every year, National Council of Applied Economic Research hosts the India Policy Forum, a platform where economists and policymakers dissect research ideas for their relevance to public policy. Following the 21st edition of IPF held on 2-3 July, Ideas for India presents the Ideas@IPF2024 series, in...

  • Symposium

Content Type: Symposium
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2024

Eco-budget in Karnataka: Opportunities and challenges

In its 2022-23 budget, the government of Karnataka announced an allocation of Rs. 100 crore to compensate for the negative impact of natural events and human activities on forests. In this post, M Balasubramanian contends that while this is a welcome step, the financial allocation – based on an ev...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Environment
Year: 2024

100 million tonnes of cereals are missing… every year

In an earlier I4I post, Drèze and Oldiges drew attention to India’s ‘cereal gap’ – a large difference between net availability of cereals and household consumption. In this post, they use recently released consumption survey data, and find that the gap is more than twice as large as their e...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Agriculture
Year: 2024

Managing India’s demographic transition

India’s population is expected to peak at about 1.7 billion in 2064, and while the current median age is only 28, the share of Indians aged 65 and above will go from 7% to 20% in the next 40 years or so. Has India been able to take advantage of its demographic dividend of a large working-age popul...

  • Videos

Content Type: Videos
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2024

Managing India’s demographic transition

India’s population is expected to peak at about 1.7 billion in 2064, and while the current median age is only 28, the share of Indians aged 65 and above will go from 7% to 20% in the next 40 years or so. Has India been able to take advantage of its demographic dividend of a large working-age popul...

  • Podcasts

Content Type: Podcasts
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2024

EU’s ‘Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism’: How will it impact trade?

Introduced in 2023 by the European Union, the ‘Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism’ will apply a carbon price on emissions embedded in the production of carbon-intensive goods imported to the region. In this post, Gupta, Pandey and Sapatnekar contend that the initiative can impact trade competiti...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Trade
Year: 2024