27 October, 2025India at work: Challenges and the road ahead
While India’s economy experienced steady growth over the last 20 years or so, the growth in employment has not kept pace and key challenges remain to the creation of good-quality jobs. In this post,...
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Nalini Gulati Kanika Mahajan Anisha Sharma 
15 September, 2025
- Perspectives
Why next-generation economic reforms are crucial for reviving investment
While corporate profitability and banks' lending ability have been on the rise for some time, corporate investment remains sluggish. In this post, Gupta and Sachdeva argue that investment levels of In...
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Shishir Gupta Rishita Sachdeva
- 11 April, 2025
- Articles
The growing burden of state subsidies
Delivery of welfare benefits to citizens by state governments in India often takes the form of subsidies. Analysing budgetary data from seven Indian states for the period between 2018-19 and 2022-23, ...
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Kishan Narayan
- 17 March, 2025
- Articles
Government securities market: Price discovery and the cost of Indian government borrowing
The government securities (G-Secs) market has substantial effects on other markets as the producer of risk-free interest rate benchmarks. Over 2017-18, there was a sharp rise in the interest rates of ...
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Ashima Goyal
- 15 July, 2019
- Articles
Agriculture and the Union Budget: policies and prospects
In this post, Shoumitro Chatterjee and Mekhala Krishnamurthy analyse the key proposals in the Union Budget 2019 pertaining to reforms in agricultural market, ease of doing business for farmers, and ag...
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Shoumitro Chatterjee Mekhala Krishnamurthy
- 09 July, 2019
- Articles
Union Budget 2019: An attempt to address the economy’s stress points
In this post, Niranjan Rajadhyaksha contends that in the first Budget of the second Narendra Modi administration, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has made an honest attempt to address some of the ...
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Niranjan Rajadhyaksha
- 08 July, 2019
- Perspectives
The great disinflation in emerging and developing economies
Emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) have achieved a remarkable decline in inflation since the early 1970s. Whether EMDEs can continue enjoying the benefits of low inflation will depend on...
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Jongrim Ha Ayhan Kose Franziska Ohnsorge
- 17 June, 2019
- Articles
Four lessons for developing countries from advanced economies’ past
In this post, Izvorski and Karakülah contend that comparisons between today’s developing countries and today’s advanced economies can provide aspiration but less so in terms of recommendations ab...
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Ivailo Izvorski Kenan Karakülah
- 14 June, 2019
- Perspectives
Firm survival in India: Status of firms formed over the last 30 years
The dynamic process of new firm formation and exit of weaker firms contributes to the evolution of industries and expansion of the economy. This article analyses the status of all new firms formed in ...
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Rajeswari Sengupta Manish Singh
- 12 June, 2019
- Articles
Has China really outperformed India?
It is widely agreed that China has grown much faster than India, and that India has finally taken over in recent years. In this piece, Martin Rama benchmarks the growth performances of the two countri...
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Martin Rama
- 04 June, 2019
- Perspectives
Is India’s ‘new’ investment cycle poised for upturn?
Recent statistics have drawn attention to the turning of India’s investment cycle since the second half of 2017-18. In this piece, Isha Gupta examines the different components of investment demand a...
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Isha Gupta
- 27 May, 2019
- Articles
Does service quality predict households’ willingness to pay for electricity connections in rural India?
While rural electrification has been a high priority for governments in the developing world, the factors that make individual households more likely to pay for electricity have received insufficient ...
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Ryan Kennedy Aseem Mahajan Johannes Urpelainen
- 10 May, 2019
- Articles
Make in India: Why didn't the lion roar?
In this Perspectives piece, Prof. Nagaraj contends that ‘Make in India’ has failed to meet its objective of turning industry around. The government has seemed more concerned with improving India's...
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R. Nagaraj
- 08 May, 2019
- Perspectives
Firm formation in India: The last 40 years
Research shows that entrepreneurship or new firm formation can be an important driver of economic development. This article studies the extent of new firm formation in India over the last 40 years and...
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Rajeswari Sengupta Manish Singh
- 01 April, 2019
- Articles
Everything you know about cross-country convergence is (now) wrong
A quarter-century after the empirical growth literature set out to explain why poor countries are not catching up with rich ones, cross-country regressions have mercifully gone out of fashion. In this...
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Dev Patel Justin Sandefur Arvind Subramanian
- 15 February, 2019
- Articles
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Land in India: Market price vs. fundamental value
The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Bill, 2015, is focused on protecting the few home buyers who can afford to buy homes but does not address the issue of high land prices, which is a very se...
- Gurbachan Singh
- 29 February, 2016
- Articles
Land records and titles in India
Land ownership is broadly determined by access to a land title, which protects the rights of the title-holder, and impacts livelihoods, and industrial, economic, and social growth. However, land title...
- Prachee Mishra Roopal Suhag
- 20 November, 2017
- Perspectives
Understanding the dynamics of the rupee-dollar exchange rate
Since 1993, the Indian rupee (INR) has officially been following a market-determined exchange rate – price is determined by demand for and supply of foreign exchange – with intervention by the Res...
- Ila Patnaik Rajeswari Sengupta
- 11 October, 2021
- Perspectives