Do rural roads promote inclusive entrepreneurship?
It is well-known that infrastructural investments, such as in rural roads, help integrate markets and promote economic growth. But are the benefits uniformly distributed across social groups? Analysin...
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Ananyo Brahma
Vidhya Soundararajan
22 July, 2025
- Articles
Why next-generation economic reforms are crucial for reviving investment
While corporate profitability and banks' lending ability have been on the rise for some time, corporate investment remains sluggish. In this post, Gupta and Sachdeva argue that investment levels of In...
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Shishir Gupta
Rishita Sachdeva
11 April, 2025
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The growing burden of state subsidies
Delivery of welfare benefits to citizens by state governments in India often takes the form of subsidies. Analysing budgetary data from seven Indian states for the period between 2018-19 and 2022-23, ...
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Kishan Narayan
17 March, 2025
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How open is India's capital account?
Although India began opening up its capital account in the mid-1990s, the approach towards financial liberalisation has been cautious. Tracing changes in the de-facto openness of the country’s capi...
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Nidhi Aggarwal
Sanchit Arora
Rajeswari Sengupta
16 July, 2021
- Perspectives
Goods and services tax: Estimating optimal rates
Introduced in India in 2017, a key feature of the goods and services tax (GST) system is that the tax rate for a particular commodity is uniform across the country. Based on a counterfactual framework...
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Amita Majumder
Ranjan Ray
Sattwik Santra
09 July, 2021
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India’s service-led economic growth
Structural transformation that involves a shift from agriculture straight to services, is a cause of concern to many scholars as an expanding service sector might be a pale substitute to technical pro...
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Tianyu Fan
Michael Peters
Fabrizio Zilibotti
18 June, 2021
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Business sentiments and labour markets
The Covid-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns have had a significant adverse impact on jobs and livelihoods. Using 2006-2021 data from a survey on business sentiments, this article examines fluctuati...
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Bornali Bhandari
Samarth Gupta
Ajaya Kumar Sahu
K Subbaraje Urs
04 May, 2021
- Articles
West Bengal’s economic performance relative to India over the last three decades
Against the backdrop of the ongoing elections in West Bengal, Maitreesh Ghatak examines how the state’s economic performance compares with that of the country as a whole, over the past three decades...
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Maitreesh Ghatak
01 May, 2021
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From abundant global liquidity to selective lending: How corporate finance has changed
Global credit has experienced significant changes in the last two decades. Analysing data on 1,160 Indian firms for the 2000-2017 period, this article shows that in the period following the global fin...
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Chiara Banti
Udichibarna Bose
30 April, 2021
- Articles
Growth in India: Narratives and evidence
There are various narratives on the trajectory of India’s economic growth, and its key determining factors. This article analyses the recently released GDP data series at 2011-12 prices, extending b...
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Pulapre Balakrishnan
Mausumi Das
M. Parameswaran
15 April, 2021
- Perspectives
De-globalisation driven by global crises
Concerns associated with the Covid-19 pandemic have led to new rationales of protectionism, with renewed emphasis on domestic production and sourcing. In this post, Assaf Razin compares the current ec...
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Assaf Razin
30 March, 2021
- Perspectives
A world of no lockdowns: The case of South Korea and Sweden
While most of the world was under lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic of 2020, two countries, Sweden and South Korea, decided to keep their economies open. In this post, Bhatia et al. use a metric o...
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Shritanjay Bhatia
Julia Brockley
Nikita Navaneeth
Utkarsh Sikka
Isha Trivedi
Sanna Uppal
15 March, 2021
- Perspectives
Of twists and turns: Monetary policy and ‘term premium’
As India’s economic growth slowed down in recent years, the reliance on monetary policy to stimulate growth increased significantly – especially during the pandemic. Analysing data from 2018-2020,...
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Rajeswari Sengupta
Harsh Vardhan
03 March, 2021
- Perspectives
Inflation targeting in India: An interim assessment
Inflation targeting in India is a work-in-progress, with a five-year review due by March 2021. This article presents an interim assessment suggesting that significant progress has already been achieve...
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Rishabh Choudhary
Barry Eichengreen
Poonam Gupta
17 February, 2021
- Articles
Budget 2021-22: A political economy perspective
Examining the 2021-22 Union Budget with a political economy lens, Yamini Aiyar contends that the policy choices reflects Government of India’s propensity to centralise rather than to devolve, and a ...
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Yamini Aiyar
15 February, 2021
- Perspectives
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Tweets by Ideas4IndiaMost Popular Macroeconomics Posts
Land in India: Market price vs. fundamental value
The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Bill, 2015, is focused on protecting the few home buyers who can afford to buy homes but does not address the issue of high land prices, which is a very se...
Gurbachan Singh
29 February, 2016
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Land records and titles in India
Land ownership is broadly determined by access to a land title, which protects the rights of the title-holder, and impacts livelihoods, and industrial, economic, and social growth. However, land title...
Prachee Mishra
Roopal Suhag
20 November, 2017
- Perspectives
Understanding the dynamics of the rupee-dollar exchange rate
Since 1993, the Indian rupee (INR) has officially been following a market-determined exchange rate – price is determined by demand for and supply of foreign exchange – with intervention by the Res...
Ila Patnaik
Rajeswari Sengupta
11 October, 2021
- Perspectives