How does monetary policy transmission happen in India?
Central banks leverage monetary policy instruments to control the supply of money in the economy, which in turn influences economic outcomes through various channels. Analysing Indian data from 2001-2...
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Santosh Kumar Dash
Joyal P. Joseph
27 October, 2025
- Articles
India at work: Challenges and the road ahead
While India’s economy experienced steady growth over the last 20 years or so, the growth in employment has not kept pace and key challenges remain to the creation of good-quality jobs. In this post,...
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Nalini Gulati
Kanika Mahajan
Anisha Sharma
15 September, 2025
- Perspectives
Why next-generation economic reforms are crucial for reviving investment
While corporate profitability and banks' lending ability have been on the rise for some time, corporate investment remains sluggish. In this post, Gupta and Sachdeva argue that investment levels of In...
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Shishir Gupta
Rishita Sachdeva
11 April, 2025
- Articles
Budget 2021-22: A political economy perspective
Examining the 2021-22 Union Budget with a political economy lens, Yamini Aiyar contends that the policy choices reflects Government of India’s propensity to centralise rather than to devolve, and a ...
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Yamini Aiyar
15 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: Does it address structural issues?
Highlighting some of the key features of the 2021-22 Union Budget, Sarthak Agarwal contends that although this Budget was presented in an exceptionally difficult period for the Indian economy, policym...
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Sarthak Agrawal
12 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: A passing grade
Assessing the 2021-22 Union Budget, Bhaskar Dutta argues that while there are several positive features, the overall thrust is disappointing because it does not address the needs of the poor.
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Bhaskar Dutta
09 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: A macroeconomic overview
Providing a macroeconomic overview of the Union Budget 2021-22, Niranjan Rajadhyaksha and Sharmadha Srinivasan contend that it is based on realistic assumptions of nominal GDP growth, is reasonably ai...
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Niranjan Rajadhyaksha
Sharmadha Srinivasan
08 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: Over-reliance on infrastructure investment to spur growth?
Commenting on the strong infrastructure push in the 2021-22 Budget, Sarmistha Pal argues that an emphasis on investment in infrastructure may not necessarily bring India out of the current economic re...
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Sarmistha Pal
05 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: Missed opportunity for increasing tax collection
Examining income tax announcements of Budget 2021-22 with a broader perspective, Gurbachan Singh highlights the need to increase tax collection in India in a gradual and careful but sustained manner. ...
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Gurbachan Singh
04 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Budget 2021-22: A gender lens
Examining the 2021-22 union budget through a gender lens, Nalini Gulati discusses what the budget does – and does not do – for women in the Indian economy, particularly with respect to the digital...
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Nalini Gulati
02 February, 2021
- Perspectives
An assessment of policy performance under the current regime
Commenting on the recent policy paper by Subramanian-Felman, Maitreesh Ghatak discusses why – looking at the same numbers – he would tend to be less generous in his grades for the performance of p...
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Maitreesh Ghatak
01 February, 2021
- Perspectives
Fiscal rules during the Covid-19 pandemic
Several countries have amended their fiscal rules to provide for additional public spending, in order to revive their economies that have been adversely hit by the pandemic. This post examines the fis...
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Sahana Roy Chowdhury
Radhika Pandey
30 January, 2021
- Perspectives
The Indian economy and policymaking: Towards ‘openness’
Providing his perspective on the recent policy paper by Subramanian and Felman, Nirvikar Singh contends that more emphasis is needed on financial reforms and innovation, addressing India’s export sl...
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Nirvikar Singh
29 January, 2021
- Perspectives
State of the Indian economy: Diagnosis and recommendations
Arvind Subramanian (India’s former Chief Economic Adviser) and Josh Felman (former IMF Resident Representative to India) have brought out a new policy paper, offering a diagnosis of the Indian econo...
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Ashok Kotwal
28 January, 2021
- Perspectives
“New Welfarism”: Old wine, new bottles?
Commenting on the recent policy paper by Subramanian and Felman, R Nagaraj contends that the authors imaginative re-branding of the erstwhile ‘populist schemes’ as “New Welfarism of the Right”...
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R. Nagaraj
28 January, 2021
- Perspectives
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Tweets by Ideas4IndiaMost Popular Macroeconomics Posts
Land in India: Market price vs. fundamental value
The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Bill, 2015, is focused on protecting the few home buyers who can afford to buy homes but does not address the issue of high land prices, which is a very se...
Gurbachan Singh
29 February, 2016
- Articles
Land records and titles in India
Land ownership is broadly determined by access to a land title, which protects the rights of the title-holder, and impacts livelihoods, and industrial, economic, and social growth. However, land title...
Prachee Mishra
Roopal Suhag
20 November, 2017
- Perspectives
Understanding the dynamics of the rupee-dollar exchange rate
Since 1993, the Indian rupee (INR) has officially been following a market-determined exchange rate – price is determined by demand for and supply of foreign exchange – with intervention by the Res...
Ila Patnaik
Rajeswari Sengupta
11 October, 2021
- Perspectives




27 October, 2025






