20 February, 2019Sparking the #MeToo revolution in India: Delhi's 'Nirbhaya' case
In 2012, anger erupted on the streets of Delhi following the violent rape and murder of a young woman. This article estimates the impact of the incident on the reporting of crimes against women in Del...
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Akshay Bhatnagar Aparna Mathur Abdul Munasib Devesh Roy 
29 April, 2019
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Whose education matters? An analysis of inter-caste marriages in India
The rate of inter-caste marriages in India was as low as 5.82% in 2011 and there has been no upward trend over the past four decades. This article examines the relationship between inter-caste marriag...
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Arka Roy Chaudhuri Tridip Ray Komal Sahai
- 30 November, 2018
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A family affair: Family members’ role in female employment decisions in India
A factor behind low female labour force participation in India is family members’ objection to women working. Based on an experiment in Karnataka, this article assesses whether employers can use lig...
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Joshua Dean Seema Jayachandran
- 13 May, 2019
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Women and work in Asia: Insights for India's low female labour force participation
In this article, Sher Singh Verick, Deputy Director, ILO’s Decent Work Team for South Asia and Country Office for India, shows how India compares with other countries in Asia as well as with other ...
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Sher Singh Verick
- 08 March, 2017
- Perspectives
Declining female labour force participation in rural India: The demand side
National Sample Survey data shows a decline in rural women’s workforce participation between 2004-05 and 2011-12. Rising rural incomes and women’s education over the same period have been taken a...
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Sonalde Desai
- 07 March, 2017
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Declining female labour force participation in rural India: The supply side
Analysis of National Sample Survey data shows that low rates of female labour force participation in India are concentrated among married women in rural areas. This column suggests that this is partl...
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Farzana Afridi Taryn Dinkelman Kanika Mahajan
- 05 March, 2017
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Introduction to e-Symposium: Women and work in India
Female labour force participation in India has been low and stagnant over the past few decades. I4I Editor Farzana Afridi is hosting an e-symposium to examine research that explores the reasons for t...
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Farzana Afridi
- 03 March, 2017
- Symposia
What explains the low and stagnating female labour force participation in India?
In this article, Stephan Klasen gives an overview of the existing evidence on the supply- and demand-side drivers of female labour force participation in India.
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Stephan Klasen
- 03 March, 2017
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The battle for backwardness
Ahead of the assembly elections in Punjab, the state government granted ‘Other Backward Classes’ status to Rajput Sikhs. In this article, Rohini Somanathan contends that caste reservations first ...
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Rohini Somanathan
- 22 February, 2017
- Perspectives
Women's empowerment and changing social norms: Persistent effects of a one-time targeted in-kind transfer in India
The project explored how a targeted social reform - the “Cycle program” in Bihar - affected the aspirations and behaviour of young women. The Cycle program was successful in increasing enrolment i...
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Shabana Mitra Karl Ove Moene
- 27 January, 2017
- IGC Research on India
What explains the decline in female labour force participation in India?
It is often argued that female labour force participation is declining in India due to rising incomes that allow more women to stay at home, which is the preferred household choice in a predominantly...
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Urmila Chatterjee Rinku Murgai Martin Rama
- 13 January, 2017
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Why are older women missing in India? The age profile of bargaining power and poverty
The ratio of women to men is particularly low in India relative to developed countries. It has recently been argued that close to half of these ‘missing’ women are of post-reproductive ages. What...
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Rossella Calvi
- 19 September, 2016
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Courting women's votes: What does this mean for women?
In the recent state assembly elections in Tamil Nadu, political parties targeted women voters with specific handouts and proposed policies such as alcohol bans. This column contends that while the in...
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Sarah Khan
- 01 July, 2016
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Women and the Indian job market: Glass ceiling or sticky floor?
The gender wage gap among regular wage and salaried workers in India was 49% in 2009-10. This column finds the bulk of the gap is due to discrimination against women in the job market, rather than di...
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Ashwini Deshpande Deepti Goel Shantanu Khanna
- 10 June, 2016
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The right to shelter: An evaluation of the land transfer programme to Mahaladits in Bihar
This project follows the implementation of a land distribution scheme towards Mahaladit households in Bihar, the most oppressed of the Scheduled Castes in the state. It aims to describe which Mahadali...
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Hemanshu Kumar Rohini Somanathan
- 10 June, 2016
- IGC Research on India
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Impact of the two-child limit for local politicians
Some Indian states debar individuals with more than two children from contesting local elections. This column finds that while the law has significantly reduced fertility among the general population...
- S. Anukriti Abhishek Chakravarty
- 02 March, 2015
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Political reservation in India: The effect on poverty
Over the last 60 years, India’s Constitution has set aside seats in parliament for people from historically discriminated groups, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This column documents one...
- Nishith Prakash
- 10 December, 2012
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What explains the decline in female labour force participation in India?
It is often argued that female labour force participation is declining in India due to rising incomes that allow more women to stay at home, which is the preferred household choice in a predominantly...
- Urmila Chatterjee Rinku Murgai Martin Rama
- 13 January, 2017
- Articles